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National Consultant on mainstreaming gender in migration development and management in the Republic of MoldovaVacancy Number: Pr14/00757
Background
Today, women represent half of the international migrant population, often migrating as the main economic providers for their families[1]. Driven by economic, social and political forces, migration can bring both benefits and costs to the migrants and their countries of origin and destination. In this way, migration as a transforming social phenomenon can improve or worsen the position of women in families and society.[2] Migration from the 1990’s onwards had a deep impact on the Republic of Moldova’s development having approximately one fourth of Moldova’s labour force residing abroad, from the total population of 3.9 million (as of the 2004 census). In Moldova, women’s share among migrants is also quite high. According to data provided by the International Organization of Migration (IOM), in 2006, 42 percent of Moldova’s migrants were women, of which around 59% in the European Union, the majority being from rural area. In addition to this, the existing data also shows that women in Moldova are not only remitters. According to IOM Migration and Remittances Study 2006, 26 percent of all households received monetary remittances from abroad - two-thirds of recipients were women. Even though remittances are considered as one of the positive migration tools to be used for the development, investments are not a major economic activity that Moldovan migrants and recipients practice. Only ten percent of migrants engage in some small business venture and only 20 percent of recipients save their money by investing in a business, while 9 percent use their savings to invest in a small business.[3] There is also increasing awareness in Moldova about the links between migration, poverty and lack of employment opportunities. Employability has direct impact on migration in Moldova and changes its trends accordingly. According to the Moldova Demographic and Health Survey (MDHS), conducted by the Ministry of Health in 2005, the need for work is the main reason for migration: for 83 percent of female migrants and 91 percent of male migrants.[4] Employability seems to be as well the most important influencing factor of preventing the return of rural migrants back to Moldova. According to the same CASE research, lack of employment opportunities is preventing almost 64 percent of rural women from returning at home. This way, the investment of remittances from women migrants in small business and employability of returning women migrants need special attention from the government and careful analysis, especially from the gender perspective, as important tools for economic empowerment. [1] Gender and Rural Employment Policy Brief #6, 2010 “Making migration work for women and men in rural labour markets” (FAO/ILO) [2] Gender, Poverty Reduction and Migration, Irena Omelaniuk, World Bank [3] Looking forward and including migration in development: remittance leveraging opportunities for Moldova, December 2007, Manuel Orozco, (IOM publication) [4] “The Impacts of Migration on Children in Moldova”, Mohamed Azzedine Salah, Working Paper, Division of Policy and Practice, UNICEF, October 2008 Scope of work
Under the overall supervision and guidance from IOM/ UNDP Programme Team and in close coordination with the WMW Project Coordinator and International Migration Research Centre (IMRC) team, the national consultant is expected to support the reflection of the gender-sensitive perspective in the mainstreaming of migration into national development policies and plan, support and produce in this sense the review of migration and gender related issues in the Government’s legislative, regulatory and programming framework and adjacent policy/advocacy and guiding documents. For detailed information, please refer to Annex 1-Terms of Reference. Requirements for experience
I. Academic Qualifications:
II. Years of Experience:
III. Competencies:
IV. Language skills:
Documents to be included
Financial proposal
The financial proposal shall be structured around the specific tasks and key deliverables described in the Terms of Reference. Interested individual consultants must specify a total lump sum amount for each task and deliverable, which are to be completed by the deadlines specified in the ToR. Payments shall be made based on delivery of the services specified in the ToR and in accordance with the procedures described in the Remuneration section of the ToR. In order to assist UN Women Moldova Programme in the comparison of financial proposals, the financial proposal will include a breakdown of this lump sum amount.
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